Downloads | Vagrant by HashiCorp (vagrantup.com)
Vagrant crée les machines virtuelles à partir de ‘Boxe’.
La liste des ‘Boxes’ est disponible ici.
NOTE IMPORTANTE: À la date du 2024.10.23 – Vagrant n’est pas compatible avec VirtualBox 7.1. Voici un lien vers la version 7.0.22 de virtualbox
# Dans un terminal, taper la commande suivante: $ vagrant init ou bien $ vagrant init ubuntu/focal64 A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on `vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.
Ceci devrait produire le fichier Vagrantfile suivant:
# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :
# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
# The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
# For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
# https://docs.vagrantup.com.
# Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
# boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
config.vm.box = "base"
NOTE: Remplacer la ligne précédente par
config.vm.box = "ubuntu/focal64"
# Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
# boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
# `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
# config.vm.box_check_update = false
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
# accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
# NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
# via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"
# Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
# using a specific IP.
# config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"
# Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
# Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
# your network.
# config.vm.network "public_network"
# Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
# the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
# the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
# argument is a set of non-required options.
# config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"
# Disable the default share of the current code directory. Doing this
# provides improved isolation between the vagrant box and your host
# by making sure your Vagrantfile isn't accessible to the vagrant box.
# If you use this you may want to enable additional shared subfolders as
# shown above.
# config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", disabled: true
# Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
# backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
# Example for VirtualBox:
#
# config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
# # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
# vb.gui = true
#
# # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
# vb.memory = "1024"
# end
#
# View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
# information on available options.
# Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
# Ansible, Chef, Docker, Puppet and Salt are also available. Please see the
# documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
# config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
# apt-get update
# apt-get install -y apache2
# SHELL
end
Dans un répertoire vide, créer un fichier nommé ‘Vagrantfile’ avec le contenu suivant:
# Ficher: Vagrantfile
# Auteur: Alain Boudreault
# Date: 2024.10.23
# ---------------------------------------------------------------
# Description: Mise en place de trois (3) VM Ubuntu,
# dans le but de tester des clés privées/publiques
# ---------------------------------------------------------------
# NOTE: La syntaxe utilisée dans un fichier Vagrant est Ruby
# ---------------------------------------------------------------
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
numberSrv=3
# Serveurs de tests pour les clés RSA
(1..numberSrv).each do |i|
config.vm.define "CFG-serveur-0#{i}" do |knode|
# Désactiver le stockage lié avec l'hôte.
knode.vm.synced_folder '.', '/vagrant', disabled: true
# Renseigner la 'box' à utiliser
knode.vm.box = "ubuntu/focal64"
knode.vm.hostname = "mon-serveur-0#{i}"
# Définition du type d'accès réseau
# Référence: https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/networking
knode.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10#{i}"
# config.vm.network "public_network"
# config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.0.17"
# config.vm.network "public_network", bridge: "en1: Wi-Fi (AirPort)"
# Utiliser un hyperviseur pour créer/démarrer les VM
knode.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
v.name = "VM-Serveur-0#{i}"
v.memory = 1024
v.cpus = 1
end
# Activation du ssh hors vagrant.
# Note: Par défaut, l'accès ssh est désactivé dans les BOX Vagrant.
config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
# Activer les connexions ssh dans le fichier /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i 's/ChallengeResponseAuthentication no/ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
service ssh restart
SHELL
end
end
end
NOTE: Les fichiers Vagrantfile sont programmés en utilisant le langage Ruby.
# Dans le répertoire qui contient le fichier "Vagrantfile" $ vagrant up
$ vagrant ssh nom-du-fichier-conf-de-la-vm $ vagrant ssh CFG-serveur-01 # NOTE: Pour obtenir la liste des fichiers conf, utiliser la commande vagrant status # Ou bien $ ssh vagrant@192.168.56.101 # Le mot de passe est vagrant
$ vagrant halt
6 – Suppression des VM
# Note: -f = effacer sans confirmation $ vagrant destroy -f
Document d’introduction externe (en anglais)